Peer-reviewed research
Sentence memory recall in adolescents: Effects of motor enactment, keyboarding, and handwriting during encoding
G. B. W. Söderlund et al., Brain and Behavior, 2023 · DOI 10.1002/brb3.3226
Read the originalRead on October 17, 2026
- What it is
- A study of Norwegian high school students aged 16 to 21. They learned verb-noun sentences by acting them out, by listening, by handwriting them or by typing them, and then their recall was tested.
- How much weight it carries
- Peer-reviewed and open access. It uses short verb-noun sentences, one task and one country, so it shows memory for those sentences, not for longer writing or everyday notes.
Facts taken from this source
- In a 2023 study of high school students, typing or handwriting sentences while learning them gave lower recall than acting the sentences out or listening to them.
“handwriting and keyboarding during encoding produced the lowest recall in comparison with the enactment and verbal listening conditions” (Abstract, Results)