Fact · Dictation
Kellogg's 2001 experiments found that planning, translating ideas into sentences and reviewing compete for one general-purpose working memory resource.
Checked against its source on October 16, 2026
In the source's own words
“planning, translating, and reviewing processes in writing compete for a common, general-purpose resource of working memory”
Competition for Working Memory among Writing Processes, Ronald T. Kellogg, American Journal of Psychology, 2001, Abstract.
Open the original- What it measures
- College students wrote in longhand or on a word processor and detected auditory probes that asked which process they were engaged in at that moment.
- What it does not show
- A laboratory study of written composition. It shows how the processes share capacity; it does not measure dictation or draft quality.
Source
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