Fact · Dictation
All verbal reporting procedures in the 2011 meta-analysis tended to increase the time needed to complete a task.
Checked against its source on October 16, 2026
In the source's own words
“All verbal reporting procedures tend to increase times to complete tasks”
Do procedures for verbal reporting of thinking have to be reactive? A meta-analysis and recommendations for best reporting methods, Mark C. Fox et al., Psychological Bulletin, 2011, Abstract.
Open the original (DOI 10.1037/a0021663)- What it measures
- Time to complete the task was compared between verbal reporting conditions and silent controls.
- What it does not show
- A tendency across studies, reported without an effect size in the abstract.