{"dataset":{"name":"Prevalence of conditions that make typing or handwriting hard","title":"Disability Statistics: Conditions That Make Typing Hard","question":"How many people live with conditions that make typing or handwriting hard, where voice input can help?","url":"https://yapapp.cc/data/typing-barriers","measure":{"label":"Prevalence","unit":"percent","short":"%","decimals":1},"dimensions":[{"key":"condition","label":"Condition","values":["Dyslexia","Dysgraphia","Dexterity or motor disability","Arthritis","Vision loss or blindness","Hearing loss","Speech or language disorder","Any disability","Other"]},{"key":"population","label":"Who"},{"key":"country","label":"Country"},{"key":"basis","label":"How measured","values":["Diagnosed","Self-reported","Screened or tested","Estimate","Not stated"]},{"key":"year","label":"Year"}],"include":"Prevalence of a named condition in a stated population, from government statistics, health agencies (CDC, WHO, national statistics offices) and peer-reviewed studies.","exclude":"Advocacy figures without a cited study, and counts of people without a population base.","method":"Rows come from the facts already cited across the library, from official statistics pages, and from a structured search of epidemiology research. Each figure is stored as a fact with the exact words of its source, checked automatically against the live page.","limitations":"Definitions of disability differ by survey, and a condition does not always make typing hard. The rows are context for who may benefit from voice input, not a count of dictation users.","sources":10,"updated":"2026-10-19","license":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","credit":"Yap (2026). Prevalence of conditions that make typing or handwriting hard [Data set]. https://yapapp.cc/data/typing-barriers"},"rows":[{"row":"Yang et al. 2022, primary school","value":7.1,"low":null,"high":null,"as_written":"7.1","unit":"percent","condition":"Dyslexia","population":"Primary school children","country":"Worldwide","basis":"Screened or tested","year":2022,"conversion":"The source writes the pooled prevalence as 7.10 percent; 7.1 is the same figure. The meta-analysis pools studies published up to June 2021, so the publication year is used.","claim":"A 2022 meta-analysis put the pooled worldwide prevalence of developmental dyslexia among primary school children at 7.10 percent, with a higher rate in boys (9.22 percent) than in girls (4.66 percent).","quote":"The pooled prevalence of DD was 7.10% (95% CI: 6.27-7.97%). The prevalence in boys was significantly higher than that in girls (boys: 9.22%, 95%CI, 8.07-10.44%; girls: 4.66%, 95% CI, 3.84-5.54%; p < 0.001)","where_in_source":"Abstract, Results","fact_url":"https://yapapp.cc/facts/yang-2022-dyslexia-prevalence-7-percent","source_title":"Prevalence of Developmental Dyslexia in Primary School Children: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis","source_publisher":"Brain Sciences (MDPI)","source_year":"2022","source_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC8870220/","source_doi":"10.3390/brainsci12020240","checked":"2026-10-16"},{"row":"Census 2010, lifting or grasping, 65+","value":23.8,"low":null,"high":null,"as_written":"23.8","unit":"percent","condition":"Dexterity or motor disability","population":"US people aged 65 and older","country":"United States","basis":"Self-reported","year":2010,"conversion":null,"claim":"In the 2010 Survey of Income and Program Participation, 23.8 percent of the US population aged 65 and older reported difficulty with lifting or grasping.","quote":"About 23.8 percent of the population aged 65 and older reported difficulty with lifting or grasping.","where_in_source":"Selected physical tasks, text","fact_url":"https://yapapp.cc/facts/census-2012-lifting-or-grasping-65-plus-23-8","source_title":"Americans with Disabilities: 2010 (P70-131)","source_publisher":"U.S. Census Bureau","source_year":"2012","source_url":"https://www2.census.gov/library/publications/2012/demo/p70-131.pdf","source_doi":null,"checked":"2026-10-19"},{"row":"Census 2010, lifting or grasping, 15+","value":8.2,"low":null,"high":null,"as_written":"8.2","unit":"percent","condition":"Dexterity or motor disability","population":"US people aged 15 and older","country":"United States","basis":"Self-reported","year":2010,"conversion":null,"claim":"In the 2010 Survey of Income and Program Participation, 8.2 percent of US people aged 15 and older, about 19.9 million people, had difficulty with physical tasks for the upper body, including lifting and grasping.","quote":"Approximately 19.9 million people 15 years and older (8.2 percent) had difficulty with physical tasks relating to upper body function- ing, including difficulty lifting and grasping","where_in_source":"Selected physical tasks, text","fact_url":"https://yapapp.cc/facts/census-2012-lifting-or-grasping-15-plus-8-2","source_title":"Americans with Disabilities: 2010 (P70-131)","source_publisher":"U.S. Census Bureau","source_year":"2012","source_url":"https://www2.census.gov/library/publications/2012/demo/p70-131.pdf","source_doi":null,"checked":"2026-10-19"},{"row":"Census 2010, lifting, 15+","value":7.1,"low":null,"high":null,"as_written":"7.1","unit":"percent","condition":"Dexterity or motor disability","population":"US people aged 15 and older","country":"United States","basis":"Self-reported","year":2010,"conversion":null,"claim":"In the 2010 Survey of Income and Program Participation, 7.1 percent of US people aged 15 and older, about 17.2 million people, reported difficulty lifting a 10-pound object like a bag of groceries.","quote":"7.1 per- cent (17.2 million people) reported difficulty lifting a 10-pound object like a bag of groceries","where_in_source":"Selected physical tasks, text","fact_url":"https://yapapp.cc/facts/census-2012-lifting-15-plus-7-1","source_title":"Americans with Disabilities: 2010 (P70-131)","source_publisher":"U.S. Census Bureau","source_year":"2012","source_url":"https://www2.census.gov/library/publications/2012/demo/p70-131.pdf","source_doi":null,"checked":"2026-10-19"},{"row":"Census 2010, grasping, 15+","value":2.8,"low":null,"high":null,"as_written":"2.8","unit":"percent","condition":"Dexterity or motor disability","population":"US people aged 15 and older","country":"United States","basis":"Self-reported","year":2010,"conversion":null,"claim":"In the 2010 Survey of Income and Program Participation, 2.8 percent of US people aged 15 and older, about 6.7 million people, reported difficulty grasping objects like a glass or pencil.","quote":"2.8 percent (6.7 million people) reported difficulty grasping objects like a glass or pencil","where_in_source":"Selected physical tasks, text","fact_url":"https://yapapp.cc/facts/census-2012-grasping-15-plus-2-8","source_title":"Americans with Disabilities: 2010 (P70-131)","source_publisher":"U.S. Census Bureau","source_year":"2012","source_url":"https://www2.census.gov/library/publications/2012/demo/p70-131.pdf","source_doi":null,"checked":"2026-10-19"},{"row":"Vanderoest et al. 2021, women 80","value":39,"low":null,"high":null,"as_written":"39","unit":"percent","condition":"Arthritis","population":"Women aged 80, general population","country":null,"basis":"Estimate","year":2021,"conversion":null,"claim":"In the same meta-analysis, 39.0 percent of 80-year-old women had radiographic thumb base osteoarthritis.","quote":"The prevalence of radiographic OA for the 50-year-old male and female participants was 5.8% and 7.3%, respectively, while the respective prevalence for 80-year-old male and female participants was 33.1% and 39.0%.","where_in_source":"Results","fact_url":"https://yapapp.cc/facts/vanderoest-2021-thumb-oa-women-80-39-0","source_title":"The prevalence of radiographic thumb base osteoarthritis: a meta-analysis","source_publisher":"Osteoarthritis and Cartilage","source_year":"2021","source_url":"https://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/efetch.fcgi?db=pubmed&rettype=abstract&retmode=text&id=33744429","source_doi":"10.1016/j.joca.2021.03.004","checked":"2026-10-16"},{"row":"Vanderoest et al. 2021, men 80","value":33.1,"low":null,"high":null,"as_written":"33.1","unit":"percent","condition":"Arthritis","population":"Men aged 80, general population","country":null,"basis":"Estimate","year":2021,"conversion":null,"claim":"In the same meta-analysis, 33.1 percent of 80-year-old men had radiographic thumb base osteoarthritis.","quote":"The prevalence of radiographic OA for the 50-year-old male and female participants was 5.8% and 7.3%, respectively, while the respective prevalence for 80-year-old male and female participants was 33.1% and 39.0%.","where_in_source":"Results","fact_url":"https://yapapp.cc/facts/vanderoest-2021-thumb-oa-men-80-33-1","source_title":"The prevalence of radiographic thumb base osteoarthritis: a meta-analysis","source_publisher":"Osteoarthritis and Cartilage","source_year":"2021","source_url":"https://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/efetch.fcgi?db=pubmed&rettype=abstract&retmode=text&id=33744429","source_doi":"10.1016/j.joca.2021.03.004","checked":"2026-10-16"},{"row":"CDC 2023, arthritis, US adults","value":21.2,"low":null,"high":null,"as_written":"21.2","unit":"percent","condition":"Arthritis","population":"US adults","country":"United States","basis":"Self-reported","year":2021,"conversion":null,"claim":"During 2019 to 2021, 21.2% of U.S. adults, about 53.2 million people, reported having been diagnosed with arthritis.","quote":"During 2019-2021, 21.2% of U.S. adults (53.2 million) reported diagnosed arthritis.","where_in_source":"Summary, What is added by this report?","fact_url":"https://yapapp.cc/facts/us-arthritis-53-million-adults","source_title":"Prevalence of Diagnosed Arthritis, United States, 2019-2021","source_publisher":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report","source_year":"2023","source_url":"https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/72/wr/mm7241a1.htm","source_doi":"10.15585/mmwr.mm7241a1","checked":"2026-10-16"},{"row":"CDC 2023, arthritis, US women","value":20.9,"low":null,"high":null,"as_written":"20.9","unit":"percent","condition":"Arthritis","population":"US adults, women","country":"United States","basis":"Self-reported","year":2021,"conversion":"Age-standardized prevalence for women, not the unadjusted figure for all adults.","claim":"Age-standardized arthritis prevalence among US adults was higher among women, at 20.9 percent, than among men, at 16.3 percent, in 2019 to 2021.","quote":"Age-standardized arthritis prevalences were higher among women (20.9%) than men (16.3%)","where_in_source":"Abstract","fact_url":"https://yapapp.cc/facts/cdc-2023-arthritis-women-20-9-age-standardized","source_title":"Prevalence of Diagnosed Arthritis, United States, 2019-2021","source_publisher":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report","source_year":"2023","source_url":"https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/72/wr/mm7241a1.htm","source_doi":"10.15585/mmwr.mm7241a1","checked":"2026-10-19"},{"row":"CDC 2023, arthritis, US men","value":16.3,"low":null,"high":null,"as_written":"16.3","unit":"percent","condition":"Arthritis","population":"US adults, men","country":"United States","basis":"Self-reported","year":2021,"conversion":"Age-standardized prevalence for men, not the unadjusted figure for all adults.","claim":"Age-standardized arthritis prevalence among US adults was lower among men, at 16.3 percent, than among women, at 20.9 percent, in 2019 to 2021.","quote":"Age-standardized arthritis prevalences were higher among women (20.9%) than men (16.3%)","where_in_source":"Abstract","fact_url":"https://yapapp.cc/facts/cdc-2023-arthritis-men-16-3-age-standardized","source_title":"Prevalence of Diagnosed Arthritis, United States, 2019-2021","source_publisher":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report","source_year":"2023","source_url":"https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/72/wr/mm7241a1.htm","source_doi":"10.15585/mmwr.mm7241a1","checked":"2026-10-19"},{"row":"Vanderoest et al. 2021, women 50","value":7.3,"low":null,"high":null,"as_written":"7.3","unit":"percent","condition":"Arthritis","population":"Women aged 50, general population","country":null,"basis":"Estimate","year":2021,"conversion":null,"claim":"In the same meta-analysis, 7.3 percent of 50-year-old women had radiographic thumb base osteoarthritis.","quote":"The prevalence of radiographic OA for the 50-year-old male and female participants was 5.8% and 7.3%, respectively, while the respective prevalence for 80-year-old male and female participants was 33.1% and 39.0%.","where_in_source":"Results","fact_url":"https://yapapp.cc/facts/vanderoest-2021-thumb-oa-women-50-7-3","source_title":"The prevalence of radiographic thumb base osteoarthritis: a meta-analysis","source_publisher":"Osteoarthritis and Cartilage","source_year":"2021","source_url":"https://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/efetch.fcgi?db=pubmed&rettype=abstract&retmode=text&id=33744429","source_doi":"10.1016/j.joca.2021.03.004","checked":"2026-10-16"},{"row":"Vanderoest et al. 2021, men 50","value":5.8,"low":null,"high":null,"as_written":"5.8","unit":"percent","condition":"Arthritis","population":"Men aged 50, general population","country":null,"basis":"Estimate","year":2021,"conversion":null,"claim":"In a 2021 meta-analysis of general-population X-ray studies, 5.8 percent of 50-year-old men had radiographic thumb base osteoarthritis.","quote":"The prevalence of radiographic OA for the 50-year-old male and female participants was 5.8% and 7.3%, respectively, while the respective prevalence for 80-year-old male and female participants was 33.1% and 39.0%.","where_in_source":"Results","fact_url":"https://yapapp.cc/facts/vanderoest-2021-thumb-oa-men-50-5-8","source_title":"The prevalence of radiographic thumb base osteoarthritis: a meta-analysis","source_publisher":"Osteoarthritis and Cartilage","source_year":"2021","source_url":"https://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/efetch.fcgi?db=pubmed&rettype=abstract&retmode=text&id=33744429","source_doi":"10.1016/j.joca.2021.03.004","checked":"2026-10-16"},{"row":"CDC 2016, vision disability, US adults","value":4.76,"low":null,"high":null,"as_written":"4.8","unit":"percent","condition":"Vision loss or blindness","population":"US adults","country":"United States","basis":"Self-reported","year":2016,"conversion":"1 in 21 is 4.76 percent, rounded to two decimals.","claim":"About 1 in 21 US adults reports a vision disability, according to the CDC's breakdown of disability types.","quote":"Mobility disability was the most common disability, reported by approximately 1 in 7 adults, followed by cognition (1 in 10), independent living (1 in 15), hearing (1 in 17), vision (1 in 21), and self-care (1 in 27).","where_in_source":"Main findings, Disability findings","fact_url":"https://yapapp.cc/facts/cdc-2016-vision-disability-1-in-21","source_title":"Prevalence of Disabilities and Health Care Access by Disability Status and Type Among Adults","source_publisher":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)","source_year":"2025","source_url":"https://www.cdc.gov/disability-and-health/articles-documents/disabilities-health-care-access.html","source_doi":null,"checked":"2026-10-19"},{"row":"WHO 2021, hearing loss by 2050","value":25,"low":null,"high":null,"as_written":"25","unit":"percent","condition":"Hearing loss","population":"World population","country":"Worldwide","basis":"Estimate","year":2021,"conversion":"1 in 4 is 25 percent. The release gives the share as 1 in 4 of a projected 2.5 billion people for 2050.","claim":"WHO projects that nearly 2.5 billion people worldwide, or 1 in 4, will have some degree of hearing loss by 2050.","quote":"Nearly 2.5 billion people worldwide ... will be living with some degree of hearing loss by 2050","where_in_source":"Opening paragraph","fact_url":"https://yapapp.cc/facts/who-2021-hearing-loss-1-in-4-by-2050","source_title":"WHO: 1 in 4 people projected to have hearing problems by 2050","source_publisher":"World Health Organization","source_year":"2021","source_url":"https://www.who.int/news/item/02-03-2021-who-1-in-4-people-projected-to-have-hearing-problems-by-2050","source_doi":null,"checked":"2026-10-19"},{"row":"CDC 2016, hearing disability, US adults","value":5.88,"low":null,"high":null,"as_written":"5.9","unit":"percent","condition":"Hearing loss","population":"US adults","country":"United States","basis":"Self-reported","year":2016,"conversion":"1 in 17 is 5.88 percent, rounded to two decimals.","claim":"About 1 in 17 US adults reports a hearing disability, according to the CDC's breakdown of disability types.","quote":"Mobility disability was the most common disability, reported by approximately 1 in 7 adults, followed by cognition (1 in 10), independent living (1 in 15), hearing (1 in 17), vision (1 in 21), and self-care (1 in 27).","where_in_source":"Main findings, Disability findings","fact_url":"https://yapapp.cc/facts/cdc-2016-hearing-disability-1-in-17","source_title":"Prevalence of Disabilities and Health Care Access by Disability Status and Type Among Adults","source_publisher":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)","source_year":"2025","source_url":"https://www.cdc.gov/disability-and-health/articles-documents/disabilities-health-care-access.html","source_doi":null,"checked":"2026-10-19"},{"row":"WHO 2026, disabling hearing loss","value":5,"low":null,"high":null,"as_written":"5","unit":"percent","condition":"Hearing loss","population":"World population","country":"Worldwide","basis":"Estimate","year":2026,"conversion":"The source says over 5 percent (430 million people). 5 is the figure the source states as a floor, not an exact share, so the true share is somewhat higher.","claim":"Over 5 percent of the world's population, or 430 million people, need rehabilitation for disabling hearing loss, including 34 million children.","quote":"Over 5% of the world's population - or 430 million people - require rehabilitation to address their disabling hearing loss (including 34 million children).","where_in_source":"Overview","fact_url":"https://yapapp.cc/facts/who-430-million-disabling-hearing-loss","source_title":"Deafness and hearing loss (fact sheet)","source_publisher":"World Health Organization","source_year":"2026","source_url":"https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/deafness-and-hearing-loss","source_doi":null,"checked":"2026-10-16"},{"row":"ASHA, dysarthria in Parkinson's","value":66,"low":44,"high":88,"as_written":"44 to 88","unit":"percent","condition":"Speech or language disorder","population":"People with Parkinson's disease","country":null,"basis":"Estimate","year":null,"conversion":"Midpoint of the source's 44 to 88 percent range; low and high are the source's bounds.","claim":"The American Speech-Language-Hearing Association estimates that dysarthria affects 44 to 88 percent of people with Parkinson's disease.","quote":"dysarthria affects approximately 44%–88% of individuals with Parkinson’s disease","where_in_source":"Prevalence section","fact_url":"https://yapapp.cc/facts/asha-pd-dysarthria-44-to-88-percent","source_title":"Dysarthria in Adults","source_publisher":"American Speech-Language-Hearing Association, Practice Portal","source_year":"n.d.","source_url":"https://www.asha.org/Practice-Portal/Clinical-Topics/Dysarthria-in-Adults","source_doi":null,"checked":"2026-10-16"},{"row":"CDC 2025, adults 65+ disability","value":40,"low":null,"high":null,"as_written":"40","unit":"percent","condition":"Any disability","population":"US adults aged 65 and older","country":"United States","basis":"Self-reported","year":2016,"conversion":"2 in 5 is 40 percent.","claim":"Disability is more common with age: approximately 2 in 5 US adults aged 65 and older have a disability, according to the CDC report.","quote":"this report found disabilities more common among adults 65 years of age and older; approximately 2 in 5 adults in this age group have a disability.","where_in_source":"People with disabilities and access to health care","fact_url":"https://yapapp.cc/facts/cdc-2-in-5-adults-65-plus-disability","source_title":"Prevalence of Disabilities and Health Care Access by Disability Status and Type Among Adults","source_publisher":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)","source_year":"2025","source_url":"https://www.cdc.gov/disability-and-health/articles-documents/disabilities-health-care-access.html","source_doi":null,"checked":"2026-10-16"},{"row":"CDC 2025, any disability, US adults","value":25,"low":null,"high":null,"as_written":"25","unit":"percent","condition":"Any disability","population":"US adults","country":"United States","basis":"Self-reported","year":2022,"conversion":"1 in 4 is 25 percent.","claim":"Over 61 million US adults, or 1 in 4, report having a disability, according to CDC data.","quote":"Over 61 million U.S. adults, or 1 in 4, report having a disability according to 2022 CDC data.","where_in_source":"At a glance","fact_url":"https://yapapp.cc/facts/cdc-1-in-4-us-adults-disability","source_title":"Prevalence of Disabilities and Health Care Access by Disability Status and Type Among Adults","source_publisher":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)","source_year":"2025","source_url":"https://www.cdc.gov/disability-and-health/articles-documents/disabilities-health-care-access.html","source_doi":null,"checked":"2026-10-16"},{"row":"Eurostat 2024, disability, EU 16+","value":23.9,"low":null,"high":null,"as_written":"23.9","unit":"percent","condition":"Any disability","population":"EU residents aged 16 and over","country":"European Union","basis":"Self-reported","year":2024,"conversion":null,"claim":"In 2024, 23.9 percent of people aged 16 years or over in the EU reported some or severe long-standing limitations in their usual activities due to health problems, which Eurostat calls a disability.","quote":"In the EU, 23.9% of people aged 16 years or over reported some or severe long-standing limitations in their usual activities due to health problems","where_in_source":"Highlights and the first section, Nearly a quarter of people aged 16 years or over","fact_url":"https://yapapp.cc/facts/eurostat-2024-activity-limitation-23-9-eu","source_title":"Population with disability (Statistics Explained)","source_publisher":"Eurostat","source_year":"2025","source_url":"https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/statistics-explained/index.php?title=Population_with_disability","source_doi":null,"checked":"2026-10-19"},{"row":"NCES 2020, undergraduates","value":21,"low":null,"high":null,"as_written":"21","unit":"percent","condition":"Any disability","population":"Undergraduates","country":"United States","basis":"Self-reported","year":2020,"conversion":null,"claim":"In 2019-20, about 21 percent of US undergraduates reported having a disability.","quote":"In 2019–20, some 21 percent of undergraduates and 11 percent of postbaccalaureate students reported having a disability","where_in_source":"Response to the question about postsecondary students","fact_url":"https://yapapp.cc/facts/nces-undergraduates-disability-21-percent","source_title":"Fast Facts: Students with disabilities (60)","source_publisher":"National Center for Education Statistics (NCES), US Department of Education","source_year":"n.d.","source_url":"https://nces.ed.gov/fastfacts/display.asp?id=60","source_doi":null,"checked":"2026-10-16"},{"row":"NCES 2020, postbac students","value":11,"low":null,"high":null,"as_written":"11","unit":"percent","condition":"Any disability","population":"Postbaccalaureate students","country":"United States","basis":"Self-reported","year":2020,"conversion":null,"claim":"In 2019-20, about 11 percent of US postbaccalaureate students reported having a disability.","quote":"and 11 percent of postbaccalaureate students reported having a disability","where_in_source":"Response to the question about postsecondary students","fact_url":"https://yapapp.cc/facts/nces-postbac-disability-11-percent","source_title":"Fast Facts: Students with disabilities (60)","source_publisher":"National Center for Education Statistics (NCES), US Department of Education","source_year":"n.d.","source_url":"https://nces.ed.gov/fastfacts/display.asp?id=60","source_doi":null,"checked":"2026-10-16"}]}